UK commuters spend an average of about 1.5 hours a day at the wheel. Road vehicles in particular are known to emit polluting nanoparticles which contribute to respiratory and heart diseases. Now, researchers at the University of Surrey have found that where drivers spend just 2% of their journey time passing through traffic intersections1 managed by lights, this short duration contributes to about 25% of total exposure to these harmful particles. The team monitored drivers exposure to air pollutants2 at various points of a journey. Signalised traffic intersections were found to be high pollution hot-spots due to the frequent changes in driving conditions. With drivers decelerating and sTOPping at lights, then revving3 up to move quickly when lights go green, peak particle concentration was found to be 29 times higher than that during free flowing traffic conditions. As well as concentration, researchers found that as cars tend to be close together at lights, the likelihood of exposure to vehicle emissions4 is also significantly increased.Air pollution was recently placed in the TOP ten health risks faced by human beings globally, with the World Health Organization linking air pollution to seven million premature5 deaths every year, said lead author, Dr Prashant Kumar, from the University of Surrey.Our time spent travelling in cars has remain fairly constant during the past decade despite the efforts to reduce it and with more cars than ever joining the roads, we are being exposed to increasing levels of air pollution as we undertake our daily commutes6.Its not always possible to change your route to avoid these intersections, but drivers should be aware of the increased risks at busy lights. The best ways to limit your exposure is to keep vehicle windows shut, fans off and try to increase the distance between you and the car in front where possible. Pedestrians7 regularly crossing such routes should consider whether there might be other paths less dependent on traffic light crossings. Local transport agencies could also help by synchronising traffic signals to reduce waiting time and consider alternative traffic management systems such as flyovers8.
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1 intersections n.横断；交叉；交叉点；交集 参考例句： Traffic lights have been placed at all major intersections. 所有要紧的交叉路口都安装了交通信号灯。 Intersections are of the greatest importance in highway design. 在道路设计中，交叉口占有非常重要的地位。 来自辞典例句
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